Answer Key to Warder's 'Introduction to Pali'
Exercise 19
(pp. 145-152)
by
John Kelly
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Contents  

Passages for Reading

Passage 1  

te taṃ satthaṃ dvīdhā vibhajiṃsu ekato pañca sakaṭa-satāni ekato pañca sakaṭa-satāni. they / this / caravan / in two / divided / one / five / hundred carts / one / five / hundred carts They divided the caravan into two parts, each with five hundred carts.
eko tāva satthavāho bahuṃ tiṇañ ca kaṭṭhañ ca udakañ ca āropetvā satthaṃ payāpesi. one / now / caravan leader / much / grass / and / firewood / and / water and / having collected / caravan / set out Then one of the caravan leaders collected much grass, firewood and water and set out.
dvīha-tīha-payāto kho pana so sattho addasa purisaṃ kāḷaṃ lohit-akkhaṃ apanaddha-kalāpaṃ kumuda-māliṃ alla-vatthaṃ alla-kesaṃ kaddama-makkhītehi cakkehi gadrabhara-rathena paṭipathaṃ āgacchantaṃ. two days-three days-set out / indeed / then / this / caravan / saw / man / black / red-eyed / tied-quiver / white-waterlily-garland / wet-clothes / wet-hair / mud-smeared / with wheels / by donkey-cart / in the opposite direction / coming After two or three days journey, he saw coming in the opposite direction a red-eyed, black man, with a quiver attached, a garland of white water-lilies, wet clothes and hair, and a donkey cart with mud-spattered wheels.
disvaa etad avoca: kuto bho aagacchasii ti. amukamhaa janapadaa ti. having seen / thus / said / from where / friend / you have come / (end-quote) / from such and such / place / (end-quote) On seeing him, he said: "Where have you come from, friend?" "From such and such a place."
kuhiṃ gamissasī ti. amukaṃ nāma janapadan ti. to where / you go / (end-quote) / to such and such / indeed / place / (end-quote) "And where are you going?" "To such and such a place."
kacci bho purato kantāre mahā-megho abhippavaṭṭo ti. did / friend / ahead / in the wilderness / great-cloud / heavy rain / (end-quote) "Friend, was there much rain in the wilderness ahead?"
evaṃ kho bho purato kantāre mahā-megho abhippavaṭṭo, yes / indeed / friend / ahead / in the wilderness / great-cloud / heavy rain "Yes indeed, friend, there is much rain in the wilderness ahead,
āsitt-odakāni vaṭumāni, bahuṃ tiṇañ ca kaṭṭhañ ca udakañ ca, poured-water / roads / much / grass / and / firewood / and / water / and the roads are covered in water and there is plenty of grass, firewood and water.
chaḍḍetha bho purāṇāni tiṇāni kaṭṭhāni udakāni, throw away / friend / old / grass / firewood / water Throw away your old grass, firewood and water,
lahu-bhārehi sakaṭehi sīghaṃ sīghaṃ gacchatha, light-load / with carts / very fast / you go and go very fast with your carts lightly loaded.
maa yoggaani kilamethaa ti. do not / oxen / tire / (end-quote) Do not tire your oxen."
atha kho so satthavaaho satthike aamantesi: then / indeed / this / caravan leader / caravan merchants / addressed Then the caravan leader addressed the caravan merchants:
ayaṃ bho puriso evam āha: this / friend / man / thus / said "This man has told me:
purato kantāre mahā-megho abhippavaṭṭo, ahead / in the wilderness / great-cloud / heavy rain 'There is much rain in the wilderness ahead,
āsit-todakāni vaṭumāni, bahuṃ tiṇañ ca kaṭṭhañ ca udakañ ca, poured-water / roads / much / grass / and / firewood / and / water / and the roads are covered in water and there is plenty of grass, firewood and water.
chaḍḍetha bho purāṇāni tiṇāni kaṭṭhāni udakāni, throw away / friend / old / grass / firewood / water Throw away your old grass, firewood and water,
lahu-bhārehi sakaṭehi sīghaṃ sīghaṃ gacchatha, light-load / with carts / very fast / you go and go very fast with your carts lightly loaded.
maa yoggaani kilamethaa ti. do not / oxen / tire / (end-quote) Do not tire your oxen."
chaḍḍetha bho purāṇāni tiṇāni kaṭṭhāni udakāni, throw away / friend / old / grass / firewood / water So throw away your old grass, firewood and water,
lahu-bhārehi sakaṭehi satthaṃ payāpethā ti. light-load / with carts / caravan / make proceed and have your caravan proceed with the carts lightly loaded."
evaṃ bho ti kho te satthikā tassa satthavāhassa paṭissutvā, yes / friend / (end-quote) / these / caravan / merchants / to this / to the caravan leader / having replied "Yes, friend," these caravan merchants replied to the leader,
chaḍḍetvā purāṇāni tiṇāni kaṭṭhāni udakāni lahu-bhārehi sakaṭehi satthaṃ payāpesuṃ. having thrown away / old / grass / firewood / water / light-load / with carts / caravan / (they) set out and they threw away their old grass, firewood and water, and they proceeded with carts lightly loaded.
te paṭhame pi sattha-vāse na addasaṃsu tiṇaṃ vā kaṭṭhaṃ vā udakaṃ vā, they / at the first / caravan-site / not / they saw / grass / or / firewood / or / water / or At the first caravan site they did not see any grass, firewood, or water,
dutiye pi sattha-vāse..., tatiye pi sattha-vāse..., catutthe pi sattha-vāse..., pañcame pi sattha-vāse..., chaṭṭhe pi sattha-vāse..., at the second / too / caravan-site / at the third / too / caravan-site / at the fourth / too / caravan-site / at the fifth / too / caravan-site / at the sixth / too / caravan-site nor at the second, nor at the third, nor at the fourth, nor at the fifth, nor at the sixth,
sattame pi sattha-vāse na addasaṃsu tiṇaṃ vā kaṭṭhaṃ vā udakaṃ vā, at the seventh / too / caravan-site / not / they saw / grass / or / firewood / or / water / or nor at the seventh caravan site did they see any grass, firewood, or water.
sabbe va anaya-vyasanaṃ āpajjiṃsu. all / just / misfortune-disaster / they arrived So they all just came to misfortune and disaster.
ye ca tasmiṃ satthe ahesuṃ manussā vā pasū vā sabbe so yakkho amanusso bhakkhesi, aṭṭhikān' eva sesesi. whatever / and / in this / caravan / there were / men / or / beasts / or / all / this / demon / not human / ate / bones / just / remained And whatever there were in this caravan, men or animals, they were all eaten by a non-human spirit, and only their bones remained.
yadā aññāsi dutiyo satthavāho: bahu-nikkhanto kho dāni so sattho ti, when / he khew / second / caravan leader / much-gone forth / indeed / then / this / caravan / (end-quote) When the second caravan leader knew that the other caravan had gone far enough ahead,
bahuṃ tiṇañ ca kaṭṭhañ ca udakañ ca āropetvā satthaṃ payāpesi. much / grass / and / firewood / and / water and / having collected / caravan / set out he collected much grass, firewood and water and set out.
dvīha-tīha-payāto kho pana so sattho addasa purisaṃ kāḷaṃ lohit-akkhaṃ apanaddha-kalāpaṃ kumuda-māliṃ alla-vatthaṃ alla-kesaṃ kaddama-makkhītehi cakkehi gadrabhara-rathena paṭipathaṃ āgacchantaṃ. two days-three days-set out / indeed / then / this / caravan / saw / man / black / red-eyed / tied-quiver / white waterlily-garland / wet-clothes / wet-hair / mud-smeared / with wheels / by donkey-cart / in the opposite direction / coming After two or three days journey, he saw coming in the opposite direction a red-eyed, black man, with a quiver attached, a garland of white waterlilies, wet clothes and hair, and a donkey cart with mud-spattered wheels.
disvaa etad avoca: kuto bho aagacchasii ti. amukamhaa janapadaa ti. having seen / thus / said / from where / friend / you have come / (end-quote) / from such and such / place / (end-quote) On seeing him, he said: "Where have you come from, friend?" "From such and such a place."
kuhiṃ gamissasī ti. amukaṃ nāma janapadan ti. to where / you go / (end-quote) / to such and such / indeed / place / (end-quote) "And where are you going?" "To such and such a place."
kacci bho purato kantāre mahā-megho abhippavaṭṭo ti. did / friend / ahead / in the wilderness / great-cloud / heavy rain / (end-quote) "Friend, was there much rain in the wilderness ahead?"
evaṃ kho bho purato kantāre mahā-megho abhippavaṭṭo, yes / indeed / friend / ahead / in the wilderness / great cloud / heavy rain "Yes indeed, friend, there is much rain in the wilderness ahead,
āsitt-odakāni vaṭumāni, bahuṃ tiṇañ ca kaṭṭhañ ca udakañ ca, poured-water / roads / much / grass / and / firewood / and / water / and the roads are covered in water and there is plenty of grass, firewood and water.
chaḍḍetha bho purāṇāni tiṇāni kaṭṭhāni udakāni, throw away / friend / old / grass / firewood / water Throw away your old grass, firewood and water,
lahu-bhārehi sakaṭehi sīghaṃ sīghaṃ gacchatha, light-load / with carts / very fast / you go and go very fast with your carts lightly loaded.
maa yoggaani kilamethaa ti. do not / oxen / tire / (end-quote) Do not tire your oxen."
atha kho so satthavaaho satthike aamantesi: then / indeed / this / caravan leader / caravan merchants / addressed Then the caravan leader addressed the caravan merchants:
ayaṃ bho puriso evam āha: this / friend / man / thus / said "This man has told me:
purato kantāre mahā-megho abhippavaṭṭo, ahead / in the wilderness / great-cloud / heavy rain 'There is much rain in the wilderness ahead,
āsit-todakāni vaṭumāni, bahuṃ tiṇañ ca kaṭṭhañ ca udakañ ca, poured-water / roads / much / grass / and / firewood / and / water / and the roads are covered in water and there is plenty of grass, firewood and water.
chaḍḍetha bho purāṇāni tiṇāni kaṭṭhāni udakāni, throw away / friend / old / grass / firewood / water Throw away your old grass, firewood and water,
lahu-bhārehi sakaṭehi sīghaṃ sīghaṃ gacchatha, light-load / with carts / very fast / you go and go very fast with your carts lightly loaded.
maa yoggaani kilamethaa ti. do not / oxen / tire / (end-quote) Do not tire your oxen."
ayaṃ kho bho puriso n' ev' amhākaṃ mitto na pi ñāti-sālohito, kathaṃ mayaṃ imassa saddhāya gamissāma. This / indeed / fellow / man / not / even / our / friend / not / also / kinsman-relative / why / we/ on this / faith / we will go Indeed this man is not even our friend or blood relation, why should we go on his word?
na kho chaḍḍhetabbāni purāṇāni tiṇāni kaṭṭhāni udakāni, yathākatena bhaṇḍena satthaṃ pāyāpetha, not / indeed / to be thrown away / old / grass / firewood / water / with the usual / load / caravan / set out Do not throw away your old grass, firewood and water, and set out your caravan with the usual load,
na no purāṇaṃ chaḍḍessāmā ti. not / our / old / we will throw out / (end-quote) we will not discard our old load."
evaṃ bho ti kho te satthikā tassa satthavāhassa paṭissutvā yathākatena bhaṇḍena satthaṃ payāpesuṃ. yes / friend / (end-quote) / these / caravan merchants / to this / caravan leader / having replied / with the usual / load / caravam / they set out "Yes, friend," the caravan merchants replied to the caravan leader, and they set out with their caravans loaded as before.
te paṭhamehi sattha-vāse na addasaṃsu tiṇaṃ vā kaṭṭhaṃ vā udakaṃ vā, they / at the first / caravan-site / not / they saw / grass / or / firewood / or / water / or At the first caravan site they did not see any grass, firewood, or water,
dutiye pi sattha-vāse..., tatiye pi sattha-vāse..., catutthe pi sattha-vāse..., pañcame pi sattha-vāse..., chaṭṭhe pi sattha-vāse..., at the second / too / caravan-site / at the third / too / caravan-site / at the fourth / too / caravan-site / at the fifth / too / caravan-site / at the sixth / too / caravan-site nor at the second, nor at the third, nor at the fourth, nor at the fifth, nor at the sixth,
sattame pi sattha-vāse na addasaṃsu tiṇaṃ vā kaṭṭhaṃ vā udakaṃ vā, at the seventh / too / caravan-site / not / they saw / grass / or / firewood / or / water / or nor at the seventh caravan site did they see any grass, firewood, or water.
tañ ca satthaṃ addasaṃsu anaya-vyasanaṃ āpannaṃ. that / and / caravan / they saw / misfortune-disaster / fallen upon They saw the caravan that had fallen upon misfortune and disaster.
ye va tasmiṃ satthe ahesuṃ manussā vā pasū vā, tesañ ca aṭṭhikān' eva addasaṃsu tena yakkhena amanussena bhakkhitānaṃ. whatever / thus / in this / caravan / there were / men / or / beasts / or / of these / and / bones / thus / they saw / by this / demon / not human / of the eaten And thus they saw the bones of whatever there were in this caravan, men or animals, who had been eaten by a non-human spirit.
atha kho so satthavaaho satthike aamantesi: then / indeed / this / caravan leader / caravan merchants / addressed Then the caravan leader addressed the caravan merchants
ayaṃ kho bho sattho anaya-vyasanaṃ āpanno yathā taṃ tena bālena satthavāhena pariṇāyakena. this / indeed / fellow / caravan / misfortune-disaster / fallen upon / just as / this / by that / foolish / caravan leader / guide "This caravan has fallen upon misfortune and disaster due to its foolish leader.
tena hi bho yān' asmākaṃ satthe appa-sārāni paṇīyāni, tāni chaḍḍetvā, yāni imasmiṃ satthe mahā-sārāni paṇiyāni tāni ādiyathā ti. so / friend / which / in our / caravan / little-value / commodities / those / having thrown away / which / in this / caravan / great-value / commodities / those / take / (end-quote) So, friends, throw away those commodities of little value in our caravan, and take what is of great value in that caravan."
evaṃ bho ti kho te satthikā tassa satthavāhassa paṭissutvā yes / friend / (end-quote) / indeed / these / caravan merchants / to this / caravan leader / having replied "Yes, friend," the caravan merchants replied to the caravan leader,
yāni sakasmiṃ satthe appa-sārāni paṇiyāni tāni chaḍḍetvā yāni tasmiṃ satthe mahā-sārāni paṇiyāni tāni ādiyitvā, which / in their own / caravan / little-value / commodities / those / having thrown away / which / in this / caravan / great-value / commodities / those / having taken and they threw away those commodities of little value in their owncaravan, and took what was of great value in that caravan,
sotthinā taṃ kantāraṃ nitthariṃsu yathā taṃ paṇḍitena satthavāhena pariṇāyakena. with safety / that / wilderness / they crossed through / just as / that / by the wise / caravan leader / guide and so they crossed through the wilderness safely with the wise caravan leader guiding them.

[D.II.343-6 — xxiii.(Paayaasi).23]

Passage 2  

evaṃ me sutaṃ. thus / by me / heard Thus have I heard.
ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā Māgadhesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhu-saṃghena saddhiṃ yena Khāṇumataṃ nāma Māgadhānaṃ brāhmaṇa-gāmo tad avasari. one / time / the Blessed One / among the Magadhans / journey / traveling / great / monk-group / with / towards / Khanumata / named / of the Magadhans / Brahmin-village / there / he arrived At one time, the Blessed was traveling among the Magadhans with a large group of monks and arrived in a Brahmin village of the Magadhans, named Khanumata.
tatra sudaṃ bhagavā Khāṇumate viharati Ambalaṭṭhikāyaṃ. there / even / Blessed One / in Knanumata / was staying / at Ambalatthikaya And there the Blessed One stayed at Ambalatthika.
tena kho pana samayena Kūṭadanto brāhmaṇo Khāṇumataṃ ajjhāvasati satt-ussadaṃ sa-tiṇa-kaṭṭh-odakaṃ sa-dhaññaṃ raja-bhoggaṃ raññā Māgadhena Seniyena Bimbisārena dinnaṃ raja-dāyaṃ brahmadeyyaṃ. at that / indeed/ then / time / Kutadanta / Brahmin / in Khanumata / inhabited / beings-abundance / with-grass-timber-water / with-grain / royal-property / by the king / Magadhan / Seniya / Bimbisara / given / royal-gift / grant Then at that time the Brahmin Kutadanta inhabited Khanumata, a populous place with grass, timber, water and grain, crown-property that had been given as a royal gift and grant by the Magadhan king Seniya Bimbisara.
tena kho pana samayena Kūṭadanto brāhmaṇo upari pāsāde divāseyyaṃ upagato hoti. at that / indeed/ then / time / Kutadanta / Brahmin / upon / palace / day bed / gone up / is Now the Brahmin Kutadanta had gone up to his day bed on his palace balcony.
addasā kho Kūṭadanto brāhmaṇo Khāṇumatake brāhmaṇa-gahapatike Khāṇumatā nikkhamitvā saṃghāsaṃghī-gaṇībhūte yena Ambalaṭṭhikā ten' upasaṃkamante. he saw / indeed / Kutadanta / Brahmin / Khanumatikan / Brahmin-householders / Khanumata / having departed / in groups-crowded together / towards / Ambalatthika / there / approaching And the Brahmin Kutadanta saw Brahmin householders from Khanumata crowded together in groups approaching Ambalatthika.
disvā khattaṃ āmantesi: kin nu kho bho khatte Khāṇumatakā brāhmaṇa-gahapatikā Khāṇumatā nikkhamitvā saṃghāsaṃghī-gaṇībhūtā yena Ambalaṭṭhikā ten' upasaṃkamantī ti. having seen / steward / he addressed / what / is it / indeed / sir / steward / Khanumatikan / Brahmin-householders / Khanumata / having departed / in groups-crowded together / towards / Ambalatthika / there / approaching / (end-quote) Having seen them he asked his steward: "Sir, why are the Brahmin householders from Khanumata crowded together in groups approaching Ambalatthika?"
atthi kho bho samaṇo Gotamo Sakya-putto Sakya-kulā pabbajito. there is / indeed / sir / ascetic / Gotama / Sakyan-son / from the Sakyan-clan / gone forth "Sir, there is an ascetic Gotama, son of the Sakyans, gone forth from the Sakyan clan.
Māgadhesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṃghena saddhiṃ anuppatto Khāṇumate viharati Ambalaṭṭhikāyaṃ. among the Magadhans / journey / traveling / great / monk-group / with / arrived / Khanumata / he is staying / at Ambalatthika He was traveling among the Magadhans with a large group of monks and arrived in Khanumata and is staying at Ambalatthika.
taṃ ete bhavantaṃ Gotamaṃ dassanāya upsaṃkamantī ti. so / they / venerable / Gotama / for the seeing / approaching / (end-quote) So they are coming to meet this venerable Gotama."
atha kho Kūṭadantassa brāhmaṇassa etad ahosi: then / indeed / to Kutadanta / the Brahmin / thus / it was Then the Brahmin Kutadanta thought to himself:
sutaṃ kho pana m' etaṃ: samaṇo Gotamo tividha-yañña-sampadaṃ jānātī ti. heard / indeed / but / by me / this / ascetic / Gotama / triple-sacrifice-success / he knows / (end-quote) "I have heard that the ascetic Gotama knows how to successfully conduct the triple sacrifice.
na kho panāhaṃ jānāmi tividhaṃ-yañña-sampadaṃ icchāmi cāhaṃ mahā-yaññaṃ yajituṃ. not / indeed / but I / I know / triple-sacrifice-success / I wish / and I / great-sacrifice / to sacrifice But I don't know how to successfully conduct the triple sacrifice, and I wish to make a great sacrifice.
yan nūnāhaṃ samaṇaṃ Gotamaṃ upasaṃkamitvā tividha-yañña-sampadaṃ puccheyyan ti. which / is it not I / ascetic / Gotama / having approached / triple-sacrifice-success / I ask / (end-quote) Why don't I approach the ascetic Gotama and ask him how to successfully conduct the triple sacrifice?"
atha kho Kūṭadanto brāhmaṇo khattaṃ āmantesi: then / indeed / Kutadanta / the Brahmin / steward / addressed Then the Brahmin Kutadanta addressed his steward:
tena hi bho khatte yena Khāṇumatakā brāhmaṇa-gahapatikā ten' upasaṃkama, well then / sir / steward / towards / Khanumatakan / Brahmin-householders / there / approach "Well then, my good man, approach these Brahmin householders of Khanumataka,
upasaṃkamitvā Khāṇumatake brāhmaṇa-gahapatike evaṃ vadehi: Kūṭadanto bho brāhmaṇo evam āha: having approached / Khanumatakan / Brahmin-householders / thus / say / Kutadanta / sir / Brahmin / thus / said and tell them that the Brahmin Kutadanta said this:
āgamentu kira bhavanto, Kūṭadanto pi brāhmaṇo samaṇaṃ Gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṃkamissatī ti. may they wait / really / gentlemen / Kutadanta / too / Brahmin / wanderer / Gotama / to see / he will approach / (end-quote) 'Please wait, gentlemen, the Brahmin Kutadanta will go to see the wanderer Gotama too.'"
evaṃ bho ti kho so khattā Kūṭadantassa brāhmaṇassa paṭissutvā yes / sir / (end-quote) / indeed / this / steward / to Kutadanta / the Brahmin / having replied "Yes, sir," the steward replied to Kutadanta the Brahmin,
yena Khāṇumatakā brāhmaṇa-gahapatikā ten' upasaṃkami, towards / Khanumatakan / Brahmin-householders / there / he approached and he approached the Brahmin householders of Khanumataka,
upasaṃkamitvā Khāṇumatake brāhmaṇa-gahapatike evaṃ vadehi: Kūṭadanto bho brāhmaṇo evam āha: having approached / Khanumatakan / Brahmin-householders / thus / he said / Kutadanta / sir / Brahmin / thus / said and told them that the Brahmin Kutadanta said this:
āgamentu kira bhavanto, Kūṭadanto pi brāhmaṇo samaṇaṃ Gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṃkamissatī ti. may they wait / really / gentlemen / Kutadanta / too / Brahmin / wanderer / Gotama / to see / he will approach / (end-quote) "Please wait, gentlemen, the Brahmin Kutadanta will go to see the wanderer Gotama too."
tena kho pana samayena anekāni brāhmaṇa-satāni Khāṇumate paṭivasanti: Kūṭadantassa brāhmaṇassa mahā-yaññaṃ anubhavissāmā ti. at that / indeed / time / many / Brahmin-hundreds / in Khanumata / they were living / of Kutadanta / the Brahmin / great-sacrifice / we will participate / (end-quote) Now at that time many hundreds of Brahmins were living in Khanumata in order to participate in the Brahmin Kutadanta's great sacrifice,
assosuṃ kho te brāhmaṇā: Kūṭadanto kira brāhmaṇo samaṇaṃ Gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṃkamissatī ti. they heard / indeed / these / Brahmins / Kutadanta / really / Brahmin / wanderer / Gotama / to see / he will approach / (end-quote) and these Brahmins heard that the Brahmin Kutadanta would go to see the wanderer Gotama.
atha kho te brāhmaṇā yena Kūṭadanto brāhmaṇo ten' upasaṃkamiṃsu, upasaṃkamitvā Kūṭadantaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etad avocuṃ: then / indeed / these / brahmins / towards / Kutadanta / the Brahmin / there / they approached / having approached / Kutadanta / the Brahmin / thus / they said Then these Brahmins approached the Brahmin Kutadanta and said to him:
saccaṃ kira bhavaṃ Kūṭadanto samaṇaṃ Gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṃkamissatī ti. true / really / honorable / Kutadanta / wanderer / Gotama / to see / he will approach / (end-quote) "Is it really true that the honorable Kutadanta will go to see the wanderer Gotama?"
evaṃ kho me bho hoti: aham pi samaṇaṃ Gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṃkamissāmī ti. thus / indeed / for me / sirs / it is / I / too / wanderer / Gotama / to see / I will approach / (end-quote) "Yes, gentlemen, indeed it is so: I will go to see the wanderer Gotama."
mā bhavaṃ Kūṭadanto samaṇaṃ Gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṃkami, na arahati bhavaṃ Kūṭadanto samaṇaṃ Gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṃkamituṃ. do not / honorable / Kutadanta / wanderer / Gotama / to see / approach / not / it is fitting / honorable / Kutadanta / wanderer / Gotama / to see / to approach "May the honorable Kutadanta not go to see the wanderer Gotama, it is not fitting that the honorable Kutadanta go to see the wanderer Gotama.
sace bhavaṃ Kūṭadanto samaṇaṃ Gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṃkamissati, bhoto Kūṭadantassa yaso hāyissati, samaṇassa Gotamassa yaso abhivaḍḍhissati. if / honorable / Kutadanta / wanderer / Gotama / to see / he will approach / of the honorable / Kutadanta / fame / will diminish / of the wanderer / Gotama / fame / approach If the honorable Kutadanta goes to see the wanderer Gotama, then the honorable Kutadanta's fame will diminish. and the wanderer Gotama's fame will increase.
yam pi bhoto Kūṭadantassa yaso hāyissati, samaṇassa Gotamassa yaso abhivaḍḍhissati, iminā p' a,ngena na arahati bhavaṃ Kūṭadanto samaṇaṃ Gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṃkamituṃ. which / and / of the honorable / Kutadanta / fame / will diminish / of the wanderer / Gotama / fame / approach / by this / quality / not / it is fitting / honorable / Kutadanta / wanderer / Gotama / to see / to approach This being the case, it is not fitting that the honorable Kutadanta go to see the wanderer Gotama.
samaṇo tv' eva Gotamo arahati bhavantaṃ Kūṭadantaṃ dassanāya upasaṃkamitun ti. wanderer / Gotama / but / it is fitting / honorable / Kutadanta / to see / to approach / (end-quote) Rather, it is the ascetic Gotama who should come to see the honorable Kutadanta."
evaṃ vutte Kūṭadanto brāhmaṇo te brāhmaṇe etad avoca: thus / having been said / Kutadanta / the Brahmin / this / said When this was said, the Brahmin Kutadanta said:
tena hi bho mama pi suṇātha yathā mayam eva arahāma taṃ bhavantaṃ Gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṃkamituṃ, well then / sir / to me / too / listen / how / we / thus / are fitting / this / honorable / Gotama / to see / to approach "Well then, gentlemen, listen to me as to how it is fitting that we go to see the honorable Gotama,
na tv' eva arahati so bhavaṃ Gotamo amhākaṃ dassanāya upasaṃkamituṃ. not / definitely / it is fitting / the / honorable / Gotama / us / to see / to approach and it is definitely not fitting that the honorable Gotama come to see us.
samaṇo khalu bho Gotamo Khāṇumataṃ anuppatto, Khāṇumate viharati Ambalaṭṭhikāyaṃ. the wanderer / indeed / Gotama / Khanumata / arrived / in Khanumata / is living / at Ambalatthika The wanderer Gotama has arrived in Khanumata and is living here at Ambalatthika,
ye kho pana ke ci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā amhākaṃ gāma-kkhettaṃ āgacchanti atithī no te honti. which / indeed / then / whatever / wanderers / or / Brahmins / or / us / village-field / they come / guests / our / they / are and whatever wanderers or Brahmins come to our village territory are our guests.
atithii kho pan' amhehi sakkaatabbaa garukaatabbaa maanetabbaa puujetabbaa. guests / indeed / then / by us / should be entertained / should be shown respect / should be revered / should be honored Indeed guests should be entertained, shown respect, revered and honored by us.
yam pi bho samaṇo Gotamo Khāṇumataṃ anuppatto Khāṇumate viharati Ambalaṭṭhikāyaṃ atith' amhākaṃ samaṇo Gotamo. since / and / sir / the wanderer / Gotama / Khanumata / arrived / in Khanumata / is living / at Ambalatthika / guest / our / the wanderer / Gotama And since, gentlemen, the wanderer Gotama has arrived in Khanumata and is living here at Ambalatthika, then he is our guest,
atithi kho pan' amhehi sakkaatabbo garukaatabbo maanetabbo puujetabbo. guest / indeed / then / by us / should be entertained / should be shown respect / should be revered / should be honored and a guest should be entertained, shown respect, revered and honored by us.
iminā p' a,ngena na arahati so bhavaṃ Gotamo amhākaṃ dassanāya upasaṃkamituṃ, atha kho mayam eva arahāma taṃ bhavantaṃ Gotamaṃ dassanāya upasaṃkamitun ti. by this / and / quality / not / it is fitting / the / honorable / Gotama / us / to see / to approach / then / indeed / we / thus / are fitting / this / honorable / Gotama / to see / to approach / (end-quote) And thus it is not fitting that the honorable Gotama come to see us, but rather it is fitting that we go to see the honorable Gotama."
atha kho Kūṭadanto brāhmaṇo mahatā brāhmaṇa-gaṇena saddhiṃ yena Ambalaṭṭhikā yena bhagavā ten' upasaṃkami, then / indeed / Kutadanta / the Brahmin / with a great / Brahmin-group / with / towards / Ambalatthika / towards / the Blessed One / there / he approached Then the Brahmin Kutadanta with a large group of Brahmins went to Ambalatthika and approached the Blessed One,
upasaṃkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sārāṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. having approached / with the Blessed One / with / exchanged greetings / agreeable / speech / polite / having greeted / one side / he sat down then he greeted the Blessed One, exchanged agreeable and polite talk with him, then sat down at one side.
ekamantaṃ nisinno kho Kūṭadanto brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etad avoca: on one side / sitting / indeed / Kutadanta / the Brahmin / to the Blessed One / this / said Sitting on one side, the Brahmin Kutadanta said this to the Blessed One:
sutaṃ m' etaṃ bho Gotamo tividha-yañña-sampadaṃ jānātī ti. heard / by me / this / sir / Gotama / triple-sacrifice-success / he knows / (end-quote) "I have heard that master Gotama knows how to successfully conduct the triple sacrifice.
na kho panāhaṃ jānāmi tividha-yañña-sampadaṃ icchāmi cāhaṃ mahā-yaññaṃ yajituṃ. not / indeed / then I / I know / triple-sacrifice-success / I wish / and I / great-sacrifice / to sacrifice I don't know how to successfully conduct the triple sacrifice, and I wish to make a great sacrifice.
sādhu me bhavaṃ Gotamo tividha-yañña-sampadaṃ desetū ti. good / to me / honorable / Gotama / triple-sacrifice-success / may he teach / (end-quote) It would be good if the honorable Gotama would teach the successful conduct of the triple sacrifice to me."
tena hi brāhmaṇa suṇohi bhāsissāmī ti. Well then / Brahmin / listen / I will speak / (end-quote) "Well then, Brahmin, listen and I will speak."
evaṃ bho ti kho Kūṭadanto brāhmaṇo bhagavato paccassosi. thus / sir / (end-quote) / Kutadanta / the Brahmin / to the Blessed One / he replied "Yes, sir," the Brahmin Kutadanta replied to the Blessed One.
bhagavaa etad avoca: Blessed One / thus / spoke The Blessed One said this:
bhūtapubbaṃ brāhmaṇa rājā Mahāvijito nāma ahosi, aḍḍho maha-ddhano mahā-bhogo pahūta-jātarūpa-rajato pahūta-vitt-ūpakaraṇo pahūta-dhana-dhañño paripuṇṇa-kosa-koṭṭhāgāro. in the past / Brahmin / king Mahavijita / named / there was / rich / great-wealth / great-property / much-gold-silver / much-pleasure-resources / much-wealth-grain / full-treasury-granary "Brahmin, once there was a king named Mahavijita, who was exceedingly rich, with much property, gold, silver, pleasure-resources, wealth and grain, with treasury and granary completely full.
atha kho brāhmaṇa rañño Mahāvijitassa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi: then / indeed / Brahmin / of the king / Mahavijita / alone / secluded / thus / in the mind / idea / arose Then, Brahmin, this idea arose in the mind of King Mahavijita when he was alone and secluded:
adhigatā kho me vipulā mānusakā bhogā, mahantaṃ paṭhavi-maṇḍalaṃ abhivijiya ajjhāvasāmi. achieved / indeed / by me / much / human / property / great / earth-circle / having conquered / I live on 'I have achieved great material wealth, and having conquered a great circle of land, I live on it.
yan nūnāhaṃ mahā-yaññaṃ yajeyyaṃ, yaṃ mama assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā ti. which / is it not I / great-sacrifice / I sacrifice / which / for me / would be / for a long time / for welfare / for happiness / (end-quote) Why don't I make a great sacrifice which will be for my welfare and happiness for a long time?'
atha kho brāhmaṇa rājā Mahāvijite purohitaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ āmantapetvā etad avoca: then / indeed / Brahmin / king / Mahavijita / priest / Brahmin / having summoned / this / said Then, Brahmin, King Mahavijita summoned his high-priest and said to him:
idha mayhaṃ brāhmaṇa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi: here / to me / Brahmin / alone / secluded / thus / in the mind / idea / arose 'Here, Brahmin, while alone and secluded this idea came to me:
adhigato me vipulā mānusakā bhogā, mahantaṃ paṭhavi-maṇḍalaṃ abhivijiya ajjhāvasāmi. achieved / by me / much / human / property / great / earth-circle / having conquered / I exploit "I have achieved great material wealth, and having conquered a great circle of land, I exploit it.
yan nūnāhaṃ mahā-yaññaṃ yajeyyaṃ, yaṃ mama assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā ti. which / is it not I / great-sacrifice / I sacrifice / which / for me / would be / for a long time / for welfare / for happiness / (end-quote) Why don't I make a great sacrifice which will be for my welfare and happiness for a long time?"
icchām' ahaṃ brāhmaṇa mahā-yaññaṃ yajituṃ. I wish / I / Brahmin / great-sacrifice / to make a sacrifice Brahmin, I wish to make a great sacrifice.
anusāsatu maṃ bhavaṃ yaṃ mama assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā ti. Instruct / me / honorable sir / which / for me / would be / for a long time / for welfare / for happiness / (end-quote) Instruct me, honorable sir, in what will be for my welfare and happiness for a long time.'
evaṃ vutte brāhmaṇa purohito brāhmaṇo rājānaṃ Mahāvijitaṃ etad avoca: this / having been said / Brahmin / priest / Brahmin / king / Mahavijita / this / said After this was said, Brahmin, the high-priest said to King Mahavijita:
bhoto kho rañño janapado sa-kaṇṭako sa-uppīḷo, gāma-ghātā pi dissanti nigama-ghātā pi dissanti nagara-ghātā pi dissanti pantha-duhanā pi dissanti. of the honorable / indeed / of the king / country / with-thief / with-oppression / village-destruction / and / there appears / town-destruction / and / there appears / city-destruction / and / there appears / road-robbery / and / there appears / 'Your majesty's kingdom is filled with thieves and oppression, and destruction of villages, towns, and cities, and highway-robbery is manifest.
bhavañ ce kho pana rājā evaṃ sa-kaṇṭake janapade sa-upapīḷe balim uddhareyya, akiccakārī assa tena bhavaṃ rājā. honorable / if / indeed / then / king / this / with-thief / in the country / with-oppression / tax / would collect / what should not be done / it would be / by this / honorable / king If then your majesty would raise taxes in this country filled with thieves and oppression, this would be acting wrongly.
siyā kho pana bhoto rañño evam assa: suppose / indeed / then / to the honorable / king / thus / it would be Suppose that your majesty would think:
aham etaṃ dassu-khīlaṃ vadhena vā bandhena vā jāniyā vā garahāya vā pabbājanāya vā samūhanissāmī ti, I / this / robber-territory / by execution / or / by imprisonment / or / by deprivation / or / by threat / or / by banishment / or / I will suppress / (end-quote) "I will suppress this robber territory by execution, imprisonment, deprivation, threats, or banishment,"
na kho pan' etassa dassu-khīlassa evaṃ sammā samugghāto hoti. Not / indeed / then / of this / robber-territory / thus / rightly / suppressed / it is then this robber territory would not thus be rightly suppressed.
ye te hatāvasesakā bhavissanti, te pacchā rañño janapadaṃ viheṭhessanti. who / those / survivors / they will be / those / afterwards / of the king / country / they will harass Whoever will survive will harass the king's country afterwards.
api ca kho idaṃ saṃvidhānaṃ āgamma evam etassa dassu-khīlassa sammā samugghāto hoti. however / and / indeed / this / arrangement / happened / thus / of this / robber-territory / rightly / suppressed / it is However with the following policy in place the robber territory would be rightly suppressed.
tena hi bhavaṃ rājā ye bhoto rañño janapade ussahanti kasi-gorakkhe tesaṃ bhavaṃ rājā bīja-bhattaṃ anuppadetu, well then / honorable / king / who / of the honorable / king / in the country / they try / cultivation-cattle breeding / to these / honorable / king / seed-rice / may he distribute So, your majesty, to those in the honorable king's country who are engaged in agriculture or cattle raising, may your majesty distribute seeds and food;
ye bhoto rañño janapade ussahanti vaṇijjāya tesaṃ bhavaṃ rājā pābhataṃ anuppadetu, who / of the honorable / king / in the country / they try / trade / to these / honorable / king / capital / may he distribute to those in the honorable king's country who are engaged in trade, may your majesty distribute capital;
ye bhoto rañño janapade ussahanti rāja-porise tesaṃ bhavaṃ rājā bhatta-vetanaṃ pakappatu, who / of the honorable / king / in the country / they try / king-service / to these / honorable / king / rice-wages / may he distribute to those, your majesty, in the honorable king's country who are engaged in service to the king, may your majesty distribute food and wages;
te ca manussā sa-kamma-pasutā rañño janapadaṃ na viheṭhessanti, mahā ca rañño rāsiko bhavissati, khema-ṭṭhitā janapadā akaṇṭakā anuppīḷā those / and / men / own-action-intent on / of the king / country / not / they will harass / great / and / of the king / accumulation / there will be / safe-stable / countries / not thieves / not oppressed so, these people who are intent on their own business will not harass the king's country, and the king's revenue will be great, and the lands peaceful and stable, without thieves or oppression,
manussā ca mudā modamānā ure putte naccentā a-pāruta-gharā maññe viharissantī ti. men / and / happy / rejoicing / on bosom / sons / dancing / not-veiled-house / I believe / they will live / (end-quote) and I believe the people will be happy and rejoicing, dancing with their children in their laps, and will live in unlocked houses.'"

[D.I.127-35 — v.(Kūṭadanta).1,3-11]

Passage 3  

jāte kho pana bhikkhave Vipassimhi kumāre, Bandhumato rañño paṭivedesuṃ: putto te deva jāto, taṃ devo passatu ti. on the birth / indeed / monks / on Vipassi / prince / Bandhuma / to the king / they announced / son / to you / lord / born / him /lord / may you look / (end-quote) Monks, when Prince Vipassi was born, they announced to King Bandhuma: "Lord, a son has been born to you. Please look at him."
addasā kho bhikkhave Bandhumā rājā Vipassī-kumāraṃ, disvā nemitte brāhmaṇe āmantāpetvā etad avoca: saw / indeed / monks / Bandhuma / king / Vipassi-prince / having seen / sign / brahmins / having summoned / thus / he said So, monks, King Bandhuma looked at Prince Vipassi, and on seeing him, he summoned his Brahmins skilled in divination, and said to them:
passantu bhonto nemittā brāhmaṇā kumāran ti. May you see / sirs / sign / brahmins / prince / (end-quote) "Sirs, please look at the prince."
addasāsuṃ kho bhikkhave nemittā brāhmaṇā Vipassī-kumāraṃ, disvā Bandhumantaṃ rājānaṃ etad avocuṃ: they saw / indeed / monks / sign / brahmins / Vipassi-prince / having seen / Bandhuma / king / this / they said So, monks, the diviner brahmins looked at Prince Vipassi, and when they had done so, they said to King Bandhuma:
attamano deva hohi, mahesakkho te deva putto uppanno. delighted / lord / may you be / superior / to you / lord / son / arisen "Lord, may you be delighted; a superior son has been born to you.
sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhamma-rājā. if / house / inhabits / king / he is / wheel-turning / righteous / dhamma-king If he remains a householder, he will become a righteous, wheel-turning Dhamma-king.
sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammā sambuddho ti. if / indeed / then / from home / to homelessness / he goes forth / arahant / he is / fully / enlightened / (end-quote) But if he goes forth from home to homelessness, then he will be an arahant, a fully enlightened one."
atha kho bhikkhave Bandhumā rājā nemitte brāhmaṇe ahatehi vatthehi acchādāpetvā sabbakāmehi santappesi. then / indeed / monks / Bandhuma / king / sign / brahmins / new / clothes / having caused to be clothed / with all desires / he satisfied Then, monks, King Bandhuma had the diviner brahmins clothed in new clothes, and satisfied all their desires.
atha kho bhikkhave Bandhumā rājā Vipassissa kumārassa tayo pāsāde kārāpesi, ekaṃ vassikaṃ ekaṃ hemantikaṃ ekaṃ gimhikaṃ, pañca kāma-guṇāni upaṭṭhāpesi. then / indeed / monks / Bandhuma / king / for Vipassi / for the prince / three / palaces / he had made / one / for the rainy season / one / for winter / one / for the summer / five / pleasure-strands / it is provided Also, monks, King Bandhuma had three palaces built for Prince Vipassi, one for the rainy season, one for winter, and one for summer, and provided for him the five strands of sensual pleasure.

[D.II.16,19,21 — xiv.(Mahaapadaana).1.31,33,38]

English into Pali  

"O monks, I will teach you the doctrine having-a-raft-as-simile (bahubbiihi: raft-simile), for-the-purpose-of-crossing over, not (emphatic: no) for-the-purpose-of-keeping. bhikkhave / desissāmi / vo / dhammaṃ / kulla-upamaṃ / nittharaṇa-atthāya / no / gahaṇa-atthāya kullūpamaṃ vo bhikkhave dhammaṃ desissāmi nittharaṇatthāya no gahaṇatthāya.
Just like a man who-had-followed-a-road: seyyatha-api / puriso / addhāna-magga-paṭipanno seyyathāpi puriso addhānamaggapaṭipanno,
he might see a great flood-of-water, the nearer shore with-fear, with-danger, the further shore secure, without-danger, so / passeyya / mahantaṃ / udaka-aṇṇavaṃ / orimaṃ / tīraṃ / sa-asa,nkaṃ / sa-(p)paṭibhayaṃ / pārimaṃ / tīraṃ / khemaṃ / a-(p)paṭibhayaṃ so passeyya mahantaṃ udakāṇṇavaṃ, orimaṃ tīraṃ sāsa,nkaṃ sappaṭibhayaṃ, pārimaṃ tīraṃ khemaṃ appaṭibhayaṃ,
and there might not be a boat or a causeway for going from hither across — he would have (the thought) thus: ca / assa / na / nāvā / santāraṇī / uttara-setu / vā / gamanāya / apārā / pāraṃ / tassa / assa / evam na c' assa nāvā santāraṇī uttarasetu vā apārā pāraṃ gamanāya, tassa evam assa:
"Indeed this flood-of-water (is) great, and the nearer shore (is) with-fear, with-danger, the further shore secure, without-danger, kho / ayaṃ / udaka-aṇṇavo / mahā / ca / orimaṃ / tīraṃ / sa-asa,nkaṃ / sa-(p)paṭibhayaṃ / pārimaṃ / tīraṃ / khemaṃ / a-(p)paṭibhayaṃ ayaṃ kho mahā udakāṇṇavo, orimaṃ ca tīraṃ sāsa,nkaṃ sappaṭibhayaṃ, pārimaṃ tīraṃ khemaṃ appaṭibhayaṃ,
and there isn't a boat or a causeway for going from hither across. ca / natthi / nāvā / vā / santāraṇī / uttarasetu / gamanāya / apārā / pāraṃ natthi ca nāvā santāraṇī uttarasetu vā apārā pāraṃ gamanāya.
What now if I, having collected grass-firewood-branches-and-foliage, yaṃ / nū-na / ahaṃ / sa,nkaḍḍhitvā / tiṇa-kaṭṭha-sākhā-palāsaṃ yannūnāhaṃ tiṇakaṭṭhasākhāpalāsaṃ sa,nkaḍḍhitvā,
having bound a raft, depending on that raft, should cross thither safely?" bandhitvā / kullaṃ / nissāya / taṃ / kullaṃ / uttareyyan / pāraṃ / sotthinā / (iti) kullaṃ bandhitvā taṃ kullaṃ nissāya, sotthinā pāraṃ uttareyyanti.
Then, indeed (kho), (monks,) that man, having collected grass-firewood-branches-and-foliage, atha / kho / bhikkhave / so / puriso / sa,nkaḍḍhitvā / tiṇa-kaṭṭha-sākhā-palāsaṃ atha kho so bhikkhave puriso tiṇakaṭṭhasākhāpalāsaṃ sa,nkaḍḍhitvā,
having bound a raft, depending on that raft, would cross thither safely. bandhitvā / kullaṃ / nissāya / taṃ / kullaṃ / uttareyya / pāraṃ / sotthinā kullaṃ bandhitvā taṃ kullaṃ nissāya, sotthinā pāraṃ uttareyya.
Crossed, gone-thither (past participles), he might have (the thought) thus: uttiṇṇassa / pāraṃ-gatassa / tassa / assa / evaṃ tassa uttiṇṇassa pāra,ngatassa evamassa:
"Indeed this raft (is) very useful (to me). kho / ayaṃ / kullo / bahukāro / me bahukāro kho me ayaṃ kullo.
What now if, having put ("mounted") this raft on my head, I should go away?" yaṃ / nū-na / ahaṃ / āropetvā / imaṃ / kullaṃ / sīse / pakkameyyan / (iti) yannūnāhaṃ imaṃ kullaṃ sīse āropetvā pakkameyyanti.
What do you think (of) that, monks? kiṃ / maññatha / taṃ / bhikkhave taṃ kiṃ maññatha bhikkhave.
Perhaps (api) that man thus-doing (-kaarin, bahubbiihi) (with reference) to that raft (loc.) would be doing-what-should-be-done (nu)?" api / so / puriso / evaṃ-kārī / tasmiṃ / kulle / kicca-kārī / assa / nu / (iti) api nu so puriso evaṃkārī tasmiṃ kulle kiccakārī assāti?
"Indeed not (no h') this, sir (bhante)!"... hi / no / etaṃ / bhante no h'etaṃ bhante.
In this connection, monks, that man, crossed, gone thither, might have (the thought) thus: idha / bhikkhave / tassa / purisassa / paara,ngatassa / assa / evam idha bhikkhave tassa purisassa paara,ngatassa evamassa:
"...What now (if), having lifted this raft on to (dry) land, I should go away (?)" yaṃ / nū-na / ussādetvā / imaṃ / kullaṃ / thale / ahaṃ / pakkameyyan / (iti) yannūnāhaṃ imaṃ kullaṃ thale ussādetvā pakkameyyanti.
Thus-doing, indeed, that man would be doing-what-should-be-done with (loc.) that raft. evaṃ-kārī / kho / so / puriso / assa / kicca-kārī / tasmiṃ / kulle evaṃkārī kho so puriso tasmiṃ kulle kiccakārī assa.
Likewise, indeed, monks, the doctrine is taught by me having-a-raft-as-simile, for-the-purpose-of-crossing over, not for-the-purpose-of-keeping. evameva / kho / bhikkhave / dhammo / desito / mayā / kulla-upamo / nittharaṇ-atthāya / no / gahaṇ-atthāya evameva kho bhikkhave kullūpamo mayā dhammo desito nittharaṇatthāya no gahaṇatthāya.
By your (vo) learning (present participle, instrumental plural) the raft-simile, monks, even good mental phenomena (are) to be given up by you (vo), how much more so bad mental phenomena." vo / ājānantehi / kulla-upamaṃ / bhikkhave / api / dhammā / pahātabbā / vo / pageva / a-dhammā kullūpamaṃ vo bhikkhave ājānantehi, dhammā pi vo pahātabbā, pageva adhammā.

[M.I.134-5 — xxii.(Alagadduupama).13-4]